What type of distinguishing features does the flute have?
It depends whether you mean the instruments look or sound. As far as sound it's one of the instruments that plays the highest notes in the orchestra and the quality of the sound is the most like a bird.
As far as the look of the instrument it's generally metal though some are wood. A transverse flute is held differently than other instruments in an orchestra since it's held horizontal and out to the left of the mouth while you blow across the opening rather than straight out in front as a clarinet, oboe or trumpet would be. It has multiple keys that are depressed to create different notes.
Most wood flutes are end blown like a recorder and have no keys just open holes that are covered with the fingers.
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